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7th grade science practice questions, with answers

Written by Dr. Evan J. Hasson, DC — a dad of three who built this curriculum for his own kids.

50 questions with the answers, free to print and free to photocopy for your own students. Drawn across every topic in the grade rather than one — life science, earth science, physical science and engineering design.

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Science — Grade 7

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  1. 1. What type of rock forms when magma or lava cools and hardens?
    1. A. Sedimentary rock
    2. B. Igneous rock ← Answer
    3. C. Metamorphic rock
  2. 2. What process do plants use to make sugar from carbon dioxide and water?
    1. A. Cellular respiration in the leaves
    2. B. Digestion
    3. C. Photosynthesis ← Answer
    4. D. Fermentation
  3. 3. What process in cells uses oxygen to break down sugar and release energy?
    1. A. Photosynthesis in the leaves
    2. B. Cellular respiration ← Answer
    3. C. Pollination
    4. D. Digestion
  4. 4. What is a population?
    1. A. All the different species living together in one ecosystem
    2. B. One animal and the food that it eats in a single day
    3. C. All the living and nonliving things found in one habitat
    4. D. All the members of one species living in the same area ← Answer
  5. 5. What is a producer?
    1. A. An organism that eats plants
    2. B. An organism that makes its own food ← Answer
    3. C. An organism that breaks down dead matter
  6. 6. What is a property of a substance?
    1. A. The container that holds it
    2. B. A change in its state, such as melting or boiling
    3. C. A mixture of two substances
    4. D. A trait used to identify it, like color ← Answer
  7. 7. What does the law of conservation of mass state?
    1. A. Mass is always destroyed in a reaction and then replaced
    2. B. Mass is always created in a reaction
    3. C. Mass is not created or destroyed in a chemical reaction ← Answer
  8. 8. What is thermal energy?
    1. A. The energy of light
    2. B. The energy of the moving particles in a substance ← Answer
    3. C. The energy stored in food and fuel only
    4. D. The energy of sound
  9. 9. What is melted rock beneath Earth's surface called?
    1. A. Sand
    2. B. Magma ← Answer
    3. C. Sediment
    4. D. Lava
  10. 10. Which two raw materials do plants use in photosynthesis?
    1. A. Oxygen and sugar from the soil
    2. B. Soil and sunlight
    3. C. Carbon dioxide and water ← Answer
    4. D. Nitrogen and water
  11. 11. What are the reactants of cellular respiration?
    1. A. Glucose and oxygen ← Answer
    2. B. Carbon dioxide and water
    3. C. Glucose and water
  12. 12. Which of these is a resource that organisms need?
    1. A. Food ← Answer
    2. B. Noise
    3. C. Fog
  13. 13. Which of these is a producer?
    1. A. Mushroom
    2. B. Rabbit
    3. C. Grass ← Answer
  14. 14. What is a chemical reaction?
    1. A. A process where substances change into new substances ← Answer
    2. B. A change in the size or shape of a substance only
    3. C. A change in the state of a substance, like melting
  15. 15. In a chemical reaction, what happens to atoms?
    1. A. They are created
    2. B. They are rearranged ← Answer
    3. C. They disappear
    4. D. They are destroyed
  16. 16. What does temperature measure?
    1. A. The color of an object
    2. B. The total number of particles in the object
    3. C. The size of an object
    4. D. The average motion energy of particles ← Answer
  17. 17. What is melted rock called once it flows out onto Earth's surface?
    1. A. Crystal
    2. B. Sediment
    3. C. Lava ← Answer
    4. D. Magma
  18. 18. Which gas do plants release during photosynthesis?
    1. A. Carbon dioxide
    2. B. Nitrogen
    3. C. Oxygen ← Answer
  19. 19. What are the products of cellular respiration?
    1. A. Carbon dioxide, water and energy ← Answer
    2. B. Glucose, oxygen and stored energy
    3. C. Glucose and carbon dioxide only
  20. 20. Which of these is also a resource that organisms need?
    1. A. Gravity
    2. B. Latitude
    3. C. Wind speed
    4. D. Water ← Answer
  21. 21. What is a consumer?
    1. A. An organism that lives only in soil
    2. B. An organism that gets energy by eating other organisms ← Answer
    3. C. An organism that makes its own food from sunlight
    4. D. An organism that breaks down dead matter in the soil
  22. 22. What is a reactant?
    1. A. A new substance made when the reaction is done
    2. B. A solid that sinks
    3. C. A starting substance in a chemical reaction ← Answer
  23. 23. What is a closed system?
    1. A. A setup that is always cold
    2. B. A setup where matter can escape into the air
    3. C. A setup with no atoms
    4. D. A setup where no matter can enter or leave ← Answer
  24. 24. What is energy transfer?
    1. A. Energy being created inside an object
    2. B. Energy moving from one place or object to another ← Answer
    3. C. Energy becoming matter
    4. D. Energy being destroyed
  25. 25. Which process breaks rock into smaller pieces?
    1. A. Melting
    2. B. Cementation
    3. C. Erosion
    4. D. Weathering ← Answer
  26. 26. Which gas do plants take in from the air for photosynthesis?
    1. A. Carbon dioxide ← Answer
    2. B. Nitrogen
    3. C. Water vapor from the soil
  27. 27. In which cell part does most cellular respiration take place?
    1. A. Mitochondria ← Answer
    2. B. Cell wall
    3. C. Chloroplasts
    4. D. Nucleus
  28. 28. What is carrying capacity?
    1. A. The population an environment holds only during the spring
    2. B. The number of animals that a predator can catch in a day
    3. C. The weight that one animal can carry back to its nest
    4. D. The largest population an environment can support over time ← Answer
  29. 29. Which of these is a consumer?
    1. A. Grass
    2. B. Algae
    3. C. Rabbit ← Answer
    4. D. Oak tree
  30. 30. What is a product?
    1. A. A substance you start with before the reaction
    2. B. A new substance made by a chemical reaction ← Answer
    3. C. A kind of mixture
    4. D. A container for a reaction
  31. 31. What is an open system?
    1. A. A setup that cannot react
    2. B. A setup with no mass
    3. C. A setup that is sealed so that no gas can leave
    4. D. A setup where matter, like a gas, can escape or enter ← Answer
  32. 32. What is a variable?
    1. A. A tool for measuring
    2. B. A fact that never changes during an experiment
    3. C. A factor that can change in an experiment ← Answer
  33. 33. Which process moves sediment from one place to another?
    1. A. Cooling
    2. B. Erosion ← Answer
    3. C. Melting
    4. D. Weathering
  34. 34. In which cell part does photosynthesis happen?
    1. A. Mitochondria
    2. B. Nucleus
    3. C. Chloroplast ← Answer
    4. D. Cell wall
  35. 35. What does digestion do to food?
    1. A. Changes it into oxygen
    2. B. Breaks it into smaller molecules ← Answer
    3. C. Turns it directly into pure energy
  36. 36. What is a limiting factor?
    1. A. A resource or condition that keeps a population from growing larger ← Answer
    2. B. A food that every animal in the population likes best of all
    3. C. A rule that stops people from hunting a species in a protected area
  37. 37. What is a decomposer?
    1. A. An organism that breaks down dead matter and returns nutrients to the soil ← Answer
    2. B. An organism that hunts other animals for food and energy
    3. C. An organism that makes its own food from sunlight, water and air
  38. 38. What is a physical change?
    1. A. A change that makes gas
    2. B. A change in form where the substance stays the same ← Answer
    3. C. A change that makes a new substance with new properties
    4. D. A change that burns
  39. 39. Is a sealed jar a closed system or an open system?
    1. A. An open system
    2. B. A closed system ← Answer
    3. C. Neither
    4. D. Both
  40. 40. What is a controlled variable?
    1. A. A factor kept the same so the test is fair ← Answer
    2. B. A factor you change on purpose to test an idea
    3. C. A mistake in the test
    4. D. The result you measure
  41. 41. What is sediment?
    1. A. Melted rock under the ground
    2. B. Rock that has been squeezed by heat
    3. C. A crystal grown from magma
    4. D. Small pieces of rock, sand and soil ← Answer
  42. 42. What is the green pigment that captures light energy?
    1. A. Glucose
    2. B. Stomata
    3. C. Chlorophyll ← Answer
    4. D. Carbon dioxide
  43. 43. What is glucose?
    1. A. A cell part that holds the nucleus
    2. B. A type of fat only
    3. C. A gas that cells breathe
    4. D. A sugar that cells use for energy ← Answer
  44. 44. What is competition in an ecosystem?
    1. A. A trade of food between two different species in the same area
    2. B. A struggle between organisms for the same limited resource ← Answer
    3. C. The way one species helps another to grow in a shared habitat
    4. D. A race that predators win by running faster than their prey does
  45. 45. Which of these is a decomposer?
    1. A. Grass
    2. B. Mushroom ← Answer
    3. C. Hawk
    4. D. A rabbit eating grass
  46. 46. Which is an example of a physical change?
    1. A. Wood burning
    2. B. Ice melting ← Answer
    3. C. Milk spoiling
    4. D. Iron rusting
  47. 47. Is an open cup a closed system or an open system?
    1. A. An open system ← Answer
    2. B. A closed system
    3. C. Neither
  48. 48. What is the independent variable?
    1. A. The result of the test
    2. B. The factor you measure at the end of the test
    3. C. The factor you change on purpose ← Answer
    4. D. The factor you keep the same
  49. 49. Which type of rock often has visible layers and may contain fossils?
    1. A. Volcanic glass
    2. B. Metamorphic rock
    3. C. Sedimentary rock ← Answer
    4. D. Igneous rock
  50. 50. What is the sugar that plants make during photosynthesis?
    1. A. Glucose ← Answer
    2. B. Water
    3. C. Oxygen
    4. D. Chlorophyll
UpOnly Learning · uponlylearning.com · free to print and photocopy for your own studentsScience — Grade 7
UpOnly Learning · uponlylearning.com · Science Grade 7
From the workbook

A real page of Science · Grade 7

Rock Recycling: The Rock Cycle

The student will model the cycling of Earth's materials through igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks and describe the energy sources (Earth's internal heat and the Sun) that drive these changes. · 40 min

Warm-up — say this

“Rocks seem like they last forever, but they are always slowly changing. Let's recycle some rocks with crayons.”

Worked example

Granite is made of interlocking crystals that formed as magma cooled slowly underground. What type of rock is it?

Answer: Igneous. It formed from cooled magma, and slow cooling underground lets large crystals grow.

A mistake students make

The rock cycle always goes in the same order: igneous, then sedimentary, then metamorphic.

How the book fixes it

Rocks can take many paths. A metamorphic rock can melt to become igneous or weather into sediment; there is no single fixed order.

Note to the parent

Do not melt crayons over a flame or stove; hot wax can burn. Hot tap water or a sunny windowsill is enough for this model.

That is one topic of many. The free questions above check a skill; this is the part that teaches it.

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Other grades

KindergartenFree kindergarten science questionsGrade 1Free 1st grade science questionsGrade 2Free 2nd grade science questionsGrade 3Free 3rd grade science questionsGrade 4Free 4th grade science questionsGrade 5Free 5th grade science questionsGrade 6Free 6th grade science questionsGrade 8Free 8th grade science questions

Grade 7, other subjects

MathFree 7th grade math questionsReadingFree 7th grade reading questionsWritingFree 7th grade writing and grammar questions

Further reading

Science at the kitchen table, with things you ownHomeschool science without a lab: the one idea that carries K–5, eight experiments using household items, and what to write down.

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