Geography & Culture · free reference

Asia: countries, capitals and cultures

48 countries, one section each, A to Z. Every fact lists its source, and you can share a link to any country. Territories and other places are listed after the countries.

AfghanistanUnited Arab EmiratesArmeniaAzerbaijanBangladeshBruneiBhutanChinaCyprusGeorgiaIndonesiaIndiaIranIraqIsraelJordanJapanKazakhstanKyrgyzstanCambodiaSouth KoreaKuwaitLaosLebanonSri LankaMyanmarMongoliaMalaysiaNepalOmanPakistanPhilippinesNorth KoreaPalestineQatarSaudi ArabiaSyriaThailandTajikistanTurkmenistanTimor-LesteTürkiyeTaiwanUzbekistanVietnamYemen
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Flag of Afghanistan

Afghanistan

Southern Asia#afghanistan

Capital
Kabul[2][3]
Neighbors (land borders)
From the article text. A map caption also lists India; the text instead refers to areas of Kashmir administered by Pakistan but claimed by India, so India is not listed.[1]
Landform or river
The central highlands, including the Hindu Kush[2]
Languages
Pashto (official), Persian (official)[2]
Festival or tradition
Yaldā/Chella, celebrating the longest night of the year Festival[6]
Landmark
Cultural Landscape and Archaeological Remains of the Bamiyan Valley UNESCO World Heritage site[7]
Did you know?
Making and playing the rubab, a stringed instrument, is on the UNESCO list.[8]
Flag
Since 2021, the Taliban, who took control of the country that year, have used a white flag with an Arabic inscription (the Shahada). The black, red and green flag shown here kept international recognition.[4][5]
Sources (8)
  1. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Afghanistan (accessed 2026-10-26)
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/Afghanistan (accessed 2026-10-26)
  3. RAE-ASALE, Diccionario panhispánico de dudas: Países y capitales, con sus gentilicios · www.rae.es/dpd/ayuda/paises-y-capitales-con-sus-gentilicios (accessed 2026-10-26)
  4. Encyclopaedia Britannica: Flag of Afghanistan · www.britannica.com/topic/flag-of-Afghanistan (accessed 2026-10-27)
  5. Al Jazeera: Infographic: Afghanistan's flags over the years (19 Aug 2021) · www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/8/19/infographic-what-afghanistans-new-flag-looks-like-interactive (accessed 2026-10-27)
  6. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/yald-chella-01877 (accessed 2026-10-26)
  7. UNESCO World Heritage Centre (State Party page) · whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/af (accessed 2026-10-26)
  8. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/art-of-crafting-and-playing-rubab-rabab-02143 (accessed 2026-10-26)

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Flag of Armenia

Armenia

Western Asia#armenia

Capital
Yerevan[2][3]
Neighbors (land borders)
Armenia and Azerbaijan fought over the Nagorno-Karabakh region after 1991 (Britannica).[1]
Landform or river
Lake Sevan in the east-central part of the country[2]
Languages
Armenian (official)[2]
Food
Lavash, a traditional thin bread[4]
Festival or tradition
Kochari, a traditional group dance Tradition[5]
Landmark
Monasteries of Haghpat and Sanahin UNESCO World Heritage site[6]
Did you know?
The duduk, a wind instrument, and its music are on the UNESCO list.[7]
Sources (7)
  1. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Armenia (accessed 2026-10-26)
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/Armenia (accessed 2026-10-26)
  3. RAE-ASALE, Diccionario panhispánico de dudas: Países y capitales, con sus gentilicios · www.rae.es/dpd/ayuda/paises-y-capitales-con-sus-gentilicios (accessed 2026-10-26)
  4. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/lavash-the-preparation-meaning-and-appearance-of-traditional-bread-as-an-expression-of-culture-in-armenia-00985 (accessed 2026-10-26)
  5. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/kochari-traditional-group-dance-01295 (accessed 2026-10-26)
  6. UNESCO World Heritage Centre · whc.unesco.org/en/list/777/ (accessed 2026-10-26)
  7. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/duduk-and-its-music-00092 (accessed 2026-10-26)

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Flag of Azerbaijan

Azerbaijan

Western Asia#azerbaijan

Capital
Baku[2][3]
Neighbors (land borders)
The exclave of Nakhchivan is separated from the rest of Azerbaijan by Armenian territory (Britannica); the border with Türkiye is at Nakhchivan. Azerbaijan and Armenia went to war over Nagorno-Karabakh in the 1990s (Britannica).[1][4]
Landform or river
A Caspian Sea coast; more than two-fifths of the land is lowland[2]
Languages
Azerbaijanian (official)[2]
Food
Dolma, stuffed vine leaves and vegetables[5]
Festival or tradition
Mugham, a traditional music Tradition[6]
Landmark
Walled City of Baku with the Shirvanshah's Palace and Maiden Tower UNESCO World Heritage site[7]
Sources (7)
  1. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Azerbaijan (accessed 2026-10-26)
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/Azerbaijan (accessed 2026-10-26)
  3. RAE-ASALE, Diccionario panhispánico de dudas: Países y capitales, con sus gentilicios · www.rae.es/dpd/ayuda/paises-y-capitales-con-sus-gentilicios (accessed 2026-10-26)
  4. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Turkey (accessed 2026-10-26)
  5. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/dolma-making-and-sharing-tradition-a-marker-of-cultural-identity-01188 (accessed 2026-10-26)
  6. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/azerbaijani-mugham-00039 (accessed 2026-10-26)
  7. UNESCO World Heritage Centre (State Party page) · whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/az (accessed 2026-10-26)

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Flag of Bahrain

Bahrain

Western Asia#bahrain

Capital
Manama[2][3]
Neighbors (land borders)
No land bordersAn archipelago; a 24-km road causeway has linked it to Saudi Arabia since 1986 (Britannica).[2]
Landform or river
Bahrain Island and about 30 smaller islands[2]
Languages
Arabic (official)[2]
Festival or tradition
Fjiri, the songs of pearl divers Tradition[4]
Landmark
Qal'at al-Bahrain – Ancient Harbour and Capital of Dilmun UNESCO World Heritage site[5]
Did you know?
A road causeway about 24 km long has linked Bahrain to Saudi Arabia since 1986.[2]
Sources (5)
  1. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Bahrain (accessed 2026-10-26)
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/Bahrain (accessed 2026-10-26)
  3. RAE-ASALE, Diccionario panhispánico de dudas: Países y capitales, con sus gentilicios · www.rae.es/dpd/ayuda/paises-y-capitales-con-sus-gentilicios (accessed 2026-10-26)
  4. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/fjiri-01747 (accessed 2026-10-26)
  5. UNESCO World Heritage Centre (State Party page) · whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/bh (accessed 2026-10-26)

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Flag of Bangladesh

Bangladesh

Southern Asia#bangladesh

Capital
Dhaka[2][3]
Neighbors (land borders)
[1]
Landform or river
The Ganges-Brahmaputra delta; the Ganges and Brahmaputra join to form the Padma[2]
Languages
Bengali (official)[2]
Festival or tradition
Mangal Shobhajatra, a procession on Pahela Baishakh (Bengali New Year) Festival[4]
Landmark
The Sundarbans UNESCO World Heritage site[5]
Did you know?
Rickshaws and rickshaw painting in Dhaka are on the UNESCO list of intangible cultural heritage.[6]
Sources (6)
  1. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Bangladesh (accessed 2026-10-26)
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/Bangladesh (accessed 2026-10-26)
  3. RAE-ASALE, Diccionario panhispánico de dudas: Países y capitales, con sus gentilicios · www.rae.es/dpd/ayuda/paises-y-capitales-con-sus-gentilicios (accessed 2026-10-26)
  4. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/mangal-shobhajatra-on-pahela-baishakh-01091 (accessed 2026-10-26)
  5. UNESCO World Heritage Centre (State Party page) · whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/bd (accessed 2026-10-26)
  6. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/rickshaws-and-rickshaw-painting-in-dhaka-01589 (accessed 2026-10-26)

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Flag of Bhutan

Bhutan

Southern Asia#bhutan

Capital
Thimphu[2][3]
Neighbors (land borders)
[1]
Landform or river
The Great Himalayas in the north and the Duars Plain in the south[2]
Languages
Dzongkha (official)[2]
Festival or tradition
The mask dance of the drums from Drametse Tradition[4]
Did you know?
Bhutan's rulers kept foreigners out until well into the 20th century.[2]
Sources (4)
  1. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Bhutan (accessed 2026-10-26)
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/Bhutan (accessed 2026-10-26)
  3. RAE-ASALE, Diccionario panhispánico de dudas: Países y capitales, con sus gentilicios · www.rae.es/dpd/ayuda/paises-y-capitales-con-sus-gentilicios (accessed 2026-10-26)
  4. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/mask-dance-of-the-drums-from-drametse-00161 (accessed 2026-10-26)

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Flag of Brunei

Brunei

South-eastern Asia#brunei

Capital
Bandar Seri Begawan[2][3]
Neighbors (land borders)
[2][1]
Landform or river
A narrow coastal plain rising to rugged hills, mostly covered by tropical rainforest[2]
Languages
Malay (official)[2]
Festival or tradition
Pantun, a traditional form of verse (shared with Malaysia) Tradition[4]
Did you know?
Brunei's highest point is Pagon Peak, 1,850 m (6,070 ft).[2]
Sources (4)
  1. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Brunei (accessed 2026-10-26)
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/Brunei (accessed 2026-10-26)
  3. RAE-ASALE, Diccionario panhispánico de dudas: Países y capitales, con sus gentilicios · www.rae.es/dpd/ayuda/paises-y-capitales-con-sus-gentilicios (accessed 2026-10-26)
  4. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/pantun-02274 (accessed 2026-10-26)

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Flag of Cambodia

Cambodia

South-eastern Asia#cambodia

Capital
Phnom Penh[2][3]
Neighbors (land borders)
[1]
Landform or river
The Mekong River basin, with the large lake Tonle Sap in the west[2]
Languages
Khmer (official)[2]
Festival or tradition
Royal ballet of Cambodia Tradition[4]
Landmark
Angkor UNESCO World Heritage site[5]
Did you know?
Much of Cambodia is tropical forest.[2]
Sources (5)
  1. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Cambodia (accessed 2026-10-26)
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/Cambodia (accessed 2026-10-26)
  3. RAE-ASALE, Diccionario panhispánico de dudas: Países y capitales, con sus gentilicios · www.rae.es/dpd/ayuda/paises-y-capitales-con-sus-gentilicios (accessed 2026-10-26)
  4. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/royal-ballet-of-cambodia-00060 (accessed 2026-10-26)
  5. UNESCO World Heritage Centre (State Party page) · whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/kh (accessed 2026-10-26)

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Flag of China

China

Eastern Asia#china

Capital
Beijing[2][3][4]
Neighbors (land borders)
Afghanistan, Pakistan and Tajikistan are confirmed from their own Britannica pages (Afghanistan: "a short border with Xinjiang, China").[1][5][6][7]
Landform or river
The Yangtze (Chang Jiang) and Huang He (Yellow River), with the Himalayas to the south[2]
Languages
Mandarin Chinese (official)[3]
Drink
Tea, made with traditional processing techniques[8]
Festival or tradition
Spring Festival (traditional New Year) Festival[9]
Landmark
The Great Wall UNESCO World Heritage site[10]
Did you know?
China is the biggest country in Asia, covering about one-fourteenth of the land area of Earth.[3]

Read the full China guide

Sources (10)
  1. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/China (accessed 2026-10-26)
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/China (accessed 2026-10-26)
  3. Encyclopaedia Britannica (facts) · www.britannica.com/facts/China (accessed 2026-10-26)
  4. RAE-ASALE, Diccionario panhispánico de dudas: Países y capitales, con sus gentilicios · www.rae.es/dpd/ayuda/paises-y-capitales-con-sus-gentilicios (accessed 2026-10-26)
  5. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Afghanistan (accessed 2026-10-26)
  6. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Pakistan (accessed 2026-10-26)
  7. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Tajikistan (accessed 2026-10-26)
  8. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/traditional-tea-processing-techniques-and-associated-social-practices-in-china-01884 (accessed 2026-10-26)
  9. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/spring-festival-social-practices-of-the-chinese-people-in-celebration-of-traditional-new-year-02126 (accessed 2026-10-26)
  10. UNESCO World Heritage Centre · whc.unesco.org/en/list/438/ (accessed 2026-10-26)

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Flag of Cyprus

Cyprus

Western Asia#cyprus

Capital
Nicosia[2][3][4]
Neighbors (land borders)
No land bordersAn island country. The Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus occupies the northern third and is recognized only by Turkey; a UN peacekeeping mission remains. The UK keeps Sovereign Base Areas on the island (Britannica).[2]
Landform or river
Largely mountainous, with a fertile heartland and coastal plains; Mount Olympus is the highest peak[2]
Languages
Greek (official), Turkish (official)[2][3]
Festival or tradition
Lefkara lace (Lefkaritika) Tradition[5]
Landmark
Paphos UNESCO World Heritage site[6]
Did you know?
Cyprus is the third largest island in the Mediterranean.[2]
Sources (6)
  1. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Cyprus (accessed 2026-10-26)
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/Cyprus (accessed 2026-10-26)
  3. Encyclopaedia Britannica (facts) · www.britannica.com/facts/Cyprus (accessed 2026-10-26)
  4. RAE-ASALE, Diccionario panhispánico de dudas: Países y capitales, con sus gentilicios · www.rae.es/dpd/ayuda/paises-y-capitales-con-sus-gentilicios (accessed 2026-10-26)
  5. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/lefkara-laces-or-lefkaritika-00255 (accessed 2026-10-26)
  6. UNESCO World Heritage Centre (State Party page) · whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/cy (accessed 2026-10-26)

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Flag of Georgia

Georgia

Western Asia#georgia

Capital
Tbilisi[2][3]
Neighbors (land borders)
[1]
Landform or river
Mostly mountainous, within the Caucasus Mountains[2]
Languages
Georgian (official)[2]
Festival or tradition
Georgian polyphonic singing Tradition[4]
Landmark
Upper Svaneti UNESCO World Heritage site[5]
Game or sport
Chidaoba, Georgian wrestling[6]
Did you know?
The Georgian alphabet has three writing systems, all still in use.[7]
Sources (7)
  1. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Georgia (accessed 2026-10-26)
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/Georgia (accessed 2026-10-26)
  3. RAE-ASALE, Diccionario panhispánico de dudas: Países y capitales, con sus gentilicios · www.rae.es/dpd/ayuda/paises-y-capitales-con-sus-gentilicios (accessed 2026-10-26)
  4. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/georgian-polyphonic-singing-00008 (accessed 2026-10-26)
  5. UNESCO World Heritage Centre (State Party page) · whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/ge (accessed 2026-10-26)
  6. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/chidaoba-wrestling-in-georgia-01371 (accessed 2026-10-26)
  7. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/living-culture-of-three-writing-systems-of-the-georgian-alphabet-01205 (accessed 2026-10-26)

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Flag of India

India

Southern Asia#india

Capital
New Delhi[2][3]
Neighbors (land borders)
Britannica's India page names no neighbors; each border comes from the neighbor's page. Parts of Kashmir are disputed: some areas administered by Pakistan are claimed by India (Britannica), and China's borders with India are disputed (Britannica China map).[4][5][6][7][8][9]
Landform or river
The Himalayas along the northern border and the Ganges (Ganga) on the Indo-Gangetic Plain[2]
Languages
Hindi (official), English (official)[2]
Festival or tradition
Garba, a circle dance from Gujarat Tradition[10]
Landmark
Taj Mahal UNESCO World Heritage site[11]
Did you know?
Yoga, which began in India, is on the UNESCO list of intangible cultural heritage.[12]

Read the full India guide

Sources (12)
  1. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/India (accessed 2026-10-26)
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/India (accessed 2026-10-26)
  3. RAE-ASALE, Diccionario panhispánico de dudas: Países y capitales, con sus gentilicios · www.rae.es/dpd/ayuda/paises-y-capitales-con-sus-gentilicios (accessed 2026-10-26)
  4. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Pakistan (accessed 2026-10-26)
  5. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/China (accessed 2026-10-26)
  6. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Nepal (accessed 2026-10-26)
  7. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Bhutan (accessed 2026-10-26)
  8. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Bangladesh (accessed 2026-10-26)
  9. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Myanmar (accessed 2026-10-26)
  10. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/garba-of-gujarat-01962 (accessed 2026-10-26)
  11. UNESCO World Heritage Centre · whc.unesco.org/en/list/252/ (accessed 2026-10-26)
  12. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/yoga-01163 (accessed 2026-10-26)

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Flag of Indonesia

Indonesia

South-eastern Asia#indonesia

Capital
Jakarta[2][3][4][5]Law No. 3 of 2022 names Nusantara as the future capital. In May 2026 the Constitutional Court confirmed that the capital remains Jakarta until a presidential decree is issued. Quizzes accept Jakarta only. (The RAE country list already shows Nusantara.)
Neighbors (land borders)
The border with Papua New Guinea runs across the island of New Guinea (Britannica). Papua New[6][7][8]
Landform or river
Some 17,500 islands with hundreds of active volcanoes[2]
Languages
Indonesian (Bahasa Indonesia; official)[2][3]
Festival or tradition
Gamelan music Tradition[9]
Landmark
Borobudur Temple Compounds UNESCO World Heritage site[10]
Did you know?
Indonesia is made up of some 17,500 islands.[2]
Sources (10)
  1. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Indonesia (accessed 2026-10-26)
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/Indonesia (accessed 2026-10-26)
  3. Encyclopaedia Britannica (facts) · www.britannica.com/facts/Indonesia (accessed 2026-10-26)
  4. Indonesian National Police news (14 May 2026) · inp.polri.go.id/artikel/jakarta-remains-national-capital-pending-presidential-decree-constitutional-court (accessed 2026-10-26)
  5. Mahkamah Konstitusi RI: summary of decision 71/PUU-XXIV/2026 (12 May 2026) · s.mkri.id/public/content/persidangan/sinopsis/ikhtisar_4913_2971_ikhtisar Put 71_2026 (sudah koreksi).pdf (accessed 2026-10-26)
  6. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Malaysia (accessed 2026-10-26)
  7. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/East-Timor (accessed 2026-10-26)
  8. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/New-Guinea (accessed 2026-10-26)
  9. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/gamelan-01607 (accessed 2026-10-26)
  10. UNESCO World Heritage Centre · whc.unesco.org/en/list/592/ (accessed 2026-10-26)

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Flag of Iran

Iran

Western Asia#iran

Capital
Tehran[2][3]
Neighbors (land borders)
The Iran map caption lists neighbors "such as" these seven; each is confirmed from the neighbor's own page.[1][4][5]
Landform or river
A high plateau surrounded largely by mountains[2]
Languages
Persian (Farsi; official)[2]
Festival or tradition
Nowruz, the spring New Year (shared with many countries) Festival[6]
Landmark
Persepolis UNESCO World Heritage site[7]
Game or sport
Pahlevani and zoorkhanei, traditional athletic rituals[8]
Did you know?
Iran's oil reserves are about a tenth of the world's total.[2]
Sources (8)
  1. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Iran (accessed 2026-10-26)
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/Iran (accessed 2026-10-26)
  3. RAE-ASALE, Diccionario panhispánico de dudas: Países y capitales, con sus gentilicios · www.rae.es/dpd/ayuda/paises-y-capitales-con-sus-gentilicios (accessed 2026-10-26)
  4. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Turkey (accessed 2026-10-26)
  5. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Pakistan (accessed 2026-10-26)
  6. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/nawrouz-novruz-nowrouz-nowrouz-nawrouz-nauryz-nooruz-nowruz-navruz-nevruz-nowruz-navruz-02097 (accessed 2026-10-26)
  7. UNESCO World Heritage Centre (State Party page) · whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/ir (accessed 2026-10-26)
  8. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/pahlevani-and-zoorkhanei-rituals-00378 (accessed 2026-10-26)

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Flag of Iraq

Iraq

Western Asia#iraq

Capital
Baghdad[2][3]
Neighbors (land borders)
[1]
Landform or river
The plains of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers[2]
Languages
Arabic (official), Kurdish (official)[2]
Festival or tradition
Iraqi maqam, a classical music tradition Tradition[4]
Landmark
Babylon UNESCO World Heritage site[5]
Did you know?
Mesopotamia, the land that is now Iraq, was home to the world's earliest civilizations.[2]
Sources (5)
  1. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Iraq (accessed 2026-10-26)
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/Iraq (accessed 2026-10-26)
  3. RAE-ASALE, Diccionario panhispánico de dudas: Países y capitales, con sus gentilicios · www.rae.es/dpd/ayuda/paises-y-capitales-con-sus-gentilicios (accessed 2026-10-26)
  4. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/iraqi-maqam-00076 (accessed 2026-10-26)
  5. UNESCO World Heritage Centre (State Party page) · whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/iq (accessed 2026-10-26)

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Flag of Israel

Israel

Western Asia#israel

Capital
Jerusalem proclaimed capital[2][3][4]Britannica: "Capital (proclaimed): Jerusalem (the city's status as capital has not received wide international recognition)." RAE lists the capital as "(no reconocida por la ONU) Jerusalén". Not used in quizzes.
Neighbors (land borders)
Palestine: the Palestinian territories (Gaza Strip and West Bank). Britannica map caption: "the final status of the Gaza Strip and West Bank is to be determined" by Israel and the Palestinian Authority.[1][5]
Landform or river
The arid Negev in the south and the Great Rift Valley with the Jordan River in the east[2]
Languages
Hebrew (official), Arabic (official per the Britannica summary; "special status" per the Britannica facts page)[2][3]
Landmark
Masada UNESCO World Heritage site[6]
Did you know?
Lake Tiberias, also called the Sea of Galilee, provides water to much of the farmland.[2]
Sources (6)
  1. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Israel (accessed 2026-10-26)
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/Israel (accessed 2026-10-26)
  3. Encyclopaedia Britannica (facts) · www.britannica.com/facts/Israel (accessed 2026-10-26)
  4. RAE-ASALE, Diccionario panhispánico de dudas: Países y capitales, con sus gentilicios · www.rae.es/dpd/ayuda/paises-y-capitales-con-sus-gentilicios (accessed 2026-10-26)
  5. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Gaza-Strip (accessed 2026-10-26)
  6. UNESCO World Heritage Centre (State Party page) · whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/il (accessed 2026-10-26)

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Flag of Japan

Japan

Eastern Asia#japan

Capital
Tokyo[2][3][4]
Neighbors (land borders)
No land borders[2]
Landform or river
Four main islands (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); Mount Fuji is the highest mountain[2]
Languages
Japanese (official)[2]
Food
Washoku, traditional Japanese food, especially for New Year[5]
Festival or tradition
Yama, Hoko, Yatai float festivals Festival[6]
Landmark
Fujisan, sacred place and source of artistic inspiration UNESCO World Heritage site[7]
Did you know?
Mountains cover about four-fifths of Japan.[2]

Read the full Japan guide

Sources (7)
  1. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Japan (accessed 2026-10-26)
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/Japan (accessed 2026-10-26)
  3. Encyclopaedia Britannica (facts) · www.britannica.com/facts/Japan (accessed 2026-10-26)
  4. RAE-ASALE, Diccionario panhispánico de dudas: Países y capitales, con sus gentilicios · www.rae.es/dpd/ayuda/paises-y-capitales-con-sus-gentilicios (accessed 2026-10-26)
  5. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/washoku-traditional-dietary-cultures-of-the-japanese-notably-for-the-celebration-of-new-year-00869 (accessed 2026-10-26)
  6. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/yama-hoko-yatai-float-festivals-in-japan-02292 (accessed 2026-10-26)
  7. UNESCO World Heritage Centre (State Party page) · whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/jp (accessed 2026-10-26)

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Flag of Jordan

Jordan

Western Asia#jordan

Capital
Amman[2][3]
Neighbors (land borders)
Palestine: the West Bank, part of the Palestinian territories (see Palestine). Jordan neighbors the West Bank (Britannica summary).[1][2]
Landform or river
The Jordan Valley, which contains the Dead Sea; four-fifths of the country is desert[2]
Languages
Arabic (official)[2]
Food
Mansaf, a festive dish shared at celebrations[4]
Landmark
Petra UNESCO World Heritage site[5]
Did you know?
Four-fifths of Jordan is desert.[2]
Sources (5)
  1. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Jordan (accessed 2026-10-26)
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/Jordan (accessed 2026-10-26)
  3. RAE-ASALE, Diccionario panhispánico de dudas: Países y capitales, con sus gentilicios · www.rae.es/dpd/ayuda/paises-y-capitales-con-sus-gentilicios (accessed 2026-10-26)
  4. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/al-mansaf-in-jordan-a-festive-banquet-and-its-social-and-cultural-meanings-01849 (accessed 2026-10-26)
  5. UNESCO World Heritage Centre (State Party page) · whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/jo (accessed 2026-10-26)

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Flag of Kazakhstan

Kazakhstan

Central Asia#kazakhstan

Capital
Astana[2][3]The Britannica summary page still shows the former name Nursultan; the Britannica facts page and RAE give Astana.
Neighbors (land borders)
[1]
Landform or river
Steppe and desert lands in the west and center, with the Caspian Sea in the west[4]
Languages
Kazakh (official), Russian (official, equal status)[2]
Festival or tradition
Spring festive rites of Kazakh horse breeders Festival[5]
Landmark
Mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi UNESCO World Heritage site[6]
Game or sport
Assyk games, traditional games played with knucklebones[7]
Did you know?
Kazakhstan's highest point is Mount Khan-Tengri, 6,995 m (22,949 ft).[4]
Sources (7)
  1. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Kazakhstan (accessed 2026-10-26)
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica (facts) · www.britannica.com/facts/Kazakhstan (accessed 2026-10-26)
  3. RAE-ASALE, Diccionario panhispánico de dudas: Países y capitales, con sus gentilicios · www.rae.es/dpd/ayuda/paises-y-capitales-con-sus-gentilicios (accessed 2026-10-26)
  4. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/Kazakhstan (accessed 2026-10-26)
  5. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/traditional-spring-festive-rites-of-the-kazakh-horse-breeders-01402 (accessed 2026-10-26)
  6. UNESCO World Heritage Centre (State Party page) · whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/kz (accessed 2026-10-26)
  7. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/kazakh-traditional-assyk-games-01086 (accessed 2026-10-26)

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Flag of Kuwait

Kuwait

Western Asia#kuwait

Capital
Kuwait City[2][3]
Neighbors (land borders)
[1]
Landform or river
Mostly desert, with the Al-Jahra oasis[2]
Languages
Arabic (official)[2]
Festival or tradition
Al Sadu, traditional weaving Tradition[4]
Did you know?
Kuwait's oil reserves are about a tenth of the world's total.[2]
Sources (4)
  1. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Kuwait (accessed 2026-10-26)
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/Kuwait (accessed 2026-10-26)
  3. RAE-ASALE, Diccionario panhispánico de dudas: Países y capitales, con sus gentilicios · www.rae.es/dpd/ayuda/paises-y-capitales-con-sus-gentilicios (accessed 2026-10-26)
  4. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/traditional-weaving-of-al-sadu-02158 (accessed 2026-10-26)

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Flag of Kyrgyzstan

Kyrgyzstan

Central Asia#kyrgyzstan

Capital
Bishkek[2][3]
Neighbors (land borders)
[1]
Landform or river
The Tien Shan mountains, including the Kok Shaal-Tau Range on the border with China[2]
Languages
Kyrgyz (official), Russian (official)[2]
Festival or tradition
The Kyrgyz epic trilogy Manas, Semetey, Seytek Tradition[4]
Landmark
Sulaiman-Too Sacred Mountain UNESCO World Heritage site[5]
Game or sport
Kok boru, a traditional horse game[6]
Did you know?
Kyrgyzstan's highest point is Victory (Pobedy) Peak, 7,439 m (24,406 ft).[2]
Sources (6)
  1. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Kyrgyzstan (accessed 2026-10-26)
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/Kyrgyzstan (accessed 2026-10-26)
  3. RAE-ASALE, Diccionario panhispánico de dudas: Países y capitales, con sus gentilicios · www.rae.es/dpd/ayuda/paises-y-capitales-con-sus-gentilicios (accessed 2026-10-26)
  4. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/kyrgyz-epic-trilogy-manas-semetey-seytek-00876 (accessed 2026-10-26)
  5. UNESCO World Heritage Centre (State Party page) · whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/kg (accessed 2026-10-26)
  6. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/kok-boru-traditional-horse-game-01294 (accessed 2026-10-26)

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Flag of Laos

Laos

South-eastern Asia#laos

Capital
Vientiane[2][3]
Neighbors (land borders)
[1]
Landform or river
Largely mountainous; the Mekong River floodplains are the only lowlands[2]
Languages
Lao (official)[2]
Festival or tradition
Khaen music, played on a bamboo mouth organ Tradition[4]
Landmark
Town of Luang Prabang UNESCO World Heritage site[5]
Did you know?
Laos's highest point is Mount Bia, 2,818 m (9,245 ft).[2]
Sources (5)
  1. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Laos (accessed 2026-10-26)
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/Laos (accessed 2026-10-26)
  3. RAE-ASALE, Diccionario panhispánico de dudas: Países y capitales, con sus gentilicios · www.rae.es/dpd/ayuda/paises-y-capitales-con-sus-gentilicios (accessed 2026-10-26)
  4. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/khaen-music-of-the-lao-people-01296 (accessed 2026-10-26)
  5. UNESCO World Heritage Centre (State Party page) · whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/la (accessed 2026-10-26)

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Flag of Lebanon

Lebanon

Western Asia#lebanon

Capital
Beirut[2][3]
Neighbors (land borders)
[1]
Landform or river
The Lebanon Mountains and the fertile Bekaa valley, with a narrow coastal plain[2]
Languages
Arabic (official)[2]
Food
Man'ouché, a flatbread[4]
Landmark
Byblos UNESCO World Heritage site[5]
Did you know?
Lebanon's cedars were famous in ancient times.[2]
Sources (5)
  1. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Lebanon (accessed 2026-10-26)
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/Lebanon (accessed 2026-10-26)
  3. RAE-ASALE, Diccionario panhispánico de dudas: Países y capitales, con sus gentilicios · www.rae.es/dpd/ayuda/paises-y-capitales-con-sus-gentilicios (accessed 2026-10-26)
  4. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/al-man-ouche-an-emblematic-culinary-practice-in-lebanon-02000 (accessed 2026-10-26)
  5. UNESCO World Heritage Centre (State Party page) · whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/lb (accessed 2026-10-26)

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Flag of Malaysia

Malaysia

South-eastern Asia#malaysia

Capital
Kuala Lumpur[2][3]Kuala Lumpur is the capital; Putrajaya is the administrative centre (Britannica).
Neighbors (land borders)
[1]
Landform or river
The southern half of the Malay Peninsula and the northwestern part of the island of Borneo[2]
Languages
Malay (official)[2]
Landmark
Kinabalu Park UNESCO World Heritage site[4]
Game or sport
Silat, a traditional martial art[5]
Did you know?
Much of Malaysia is covered by rainforest.[2]
Sources (5)
  1. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Malaysia (accessed 2026-10-26)
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/Malaysia (accessed 2026-10-26)
  3. RAE-ASALE, Diccionario panhispánico de dudas: Países y capitales, con sus gentilicios · www.rae.es/dpd/ayuda/paises-y-capitales-con-sus-gentilicios (accessed 2026-10-26)
  4. UNESCO World Heritage Centre · whc.unesco.org/en/list/1012/ (accessed 2026-10-26)
  5. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/silat-01504 (accessed 2026-10-26)

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Flag of Maldives

Maldives

Southern Asia#maldives

Capital
Male[2][3][4]
Neighbors (land borders)
No land borders[2]
Landform or river
About 1,200 small, low-lying coral islands and sandbanks grouped in atolls[2]
Languages
Dhivehi (Maldivian; official)[2][3]
Landmark
Coral Stone Mosques of MaldivesOn the UNESCO Tentative List (not inscribed).[5]
Did you know?
The Maldives has about 1,200 islands; about 200 of them are inhabited.[2]
Sources (5)
  1. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Maldives (accessed 2026-10-26)
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/Maldives (accessed 2026-10-26)
  3. Encyclopaedia Britannica (facts) · www.britannica.com/facts/Maldives (accessed 2026-10-26)
  4. RAE-ASALE, Diccionario panhispánico de dudas: Países y capitales, con sus gentilicios · www.rae.es/dpd/ayuda/paises-y-capitales-con-sus-gentilicios (accessed 2026-10-26)
  5. UNESCO World Heritage Centre (State Party page) · whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/mv (accessed 2026-10-26)

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Flag of Mongolia

Mongolia

Eastern Asia#mongolia

Capital
Ulaanbaatar[2][3][4]
Neighbors (land borders)
[1]
Landform or river
The Gobi Desert in the south and east; the Altai, Khangai and Khentei mountains[2]
Languages
Khalkha Mongolian (official)[3]
Festival or tradition
Naadam, the traditional festival Festival[5]
Landmark
Orkhon Valley Cultural Landscape UNESCO World Heritage site[6]
Did you know?
The morin khuur, a horse-head fiddle, and its music are on the UNESCO list.[7]
Sources (7)
  1. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Mongolia (accessed 2026-10-26)
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/Mongolia (accessed 2026-10-26)
  3. Encyclopaedia Britannica (facts) · www.britannica.com/facts/Mongolia (accessed 2026-10-26)
  4. RAE-ASALE, Diccionario panhispánico de dudas: Países y capitales, con sus gentilicios · www.rae.es/dpd/ayuda/paises-y-capitales-con-sus-gentilicios (accessed 2026-10-26)
  5. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/naadam-mongolian-traditional-festival-00395 (accessed 2026-10-26)
  6. UNESCO World Heritage Centre (State Party page) · whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/mn (accessed 2026-10-26)
  7. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/traditional-music-of-the-morin-khuur-00068 (accessed 2026-10-26)

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Flag of Myanmar

Myanmar

South-eastern Asia#myanmar

Capital
Nay Pyi Taw[2][3]Nay Pyi Taw was proclaimed the capital in 2006; Yangon was the capital from 1948 to 2006 (Britannica).
Neighbors (land borders)
China, Laos and Bangladesh confirm the border from their own Britannica pages. India and Thailand rest on the Myanmar caption only (their Britannica pages name no neighbors).[1][4][5][6]
Landform or river
The Irrawaddy and Salween rivers, the Shan Plateau in the east and the western ranges[2]
Languages
Myanmar (Burmese; official)[2]
Festival or tradition
Atā Thingyan, the traditional New Year festival Festival[7]
Landmark
Bagan UNESCO World Heritage site[8]
Did you know?
Rice is the most important crop in Myanmar.[2]
Sources (8)
  1. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Myanmar (accessed 2026-10-26)
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/Myanmar (accessed 2026-10-26)
  3. RAE-ASALE, Diccionario panhispánico de dudas: Países y capitales, con sus gentilicios · www.rae.es/dpd/ayuda/paises-y-capitales-con-sus-gentilicios (accessed 2026-10-26)
  4. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/China (accessed 2026-10-26)
  5. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Laos (accessed 2026-10-26)
  6. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Bangladesh (accessed 2026-10-26)
  7. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/myanmar-traditional-new-year-at-thingyan-festival-02085 (accessed 2026-10-26)
  8. UNESCO World Heritage Centre (State Party page) · whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/mm (accessed 2026-10-26)

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Flag of Nepal

Nepal

Southern Asia#nepal

Capital
Kathmandu[2][3]
Neighbors (land borders)
[1]
Landform or river
The Great Himalayas, including Mount Everest[2]
Languages
Nepali (official)[2]
Landmark
Sagarmatha National Park UNESCO World Heritage site[4]
Did you know?
Nepal has some of the most rugged mountain land in the world.[2]
Sources (4)
  1. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Nepal (accessed 2026-10-26)
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/Nepal (accessed 2026-10-26)
  3. RAE-ASALE, Diccionario panhispánico de dudas: Países y capitales, con sus gentilicios · www.rae.es/dpd/ayuda/paises-y-capitales-con-sus-gentilicios (accessed 2026-10-26)
  4. UNESCO World Heritage Centre (State Party page) · whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/np (accessed 2026-10-26)

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Flag of North Korea

North Korea

Eastern Asia#north-korea

Capital
Pyongyang[2][3]
Neighbors (land borders)
[1]
Landform or river
Mostly mountain ranges and uplands; Mount Paektu is the highest peak[2]
Languages
Korean (official)[2]
Food
Pyongyang raengmyon (cold noodles)[4]
Landmark
Complex of Koguryo Tombs UNESCO World Heritage site[5]
Game or sport
Traditional Korean wrestling (ssirum), shared with South Korea[6]
Sources (6)
  1. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/North-Korea (accessed 2026-10-26)
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/North-Korea (accessed 2026-10-26)
  3. RAE-ASALE, Diccionario panhispánico de dudas: Países y capitales, con sus gentilicios · www.rae.es/dpd/ayuda/paises-y-capitales-con-sus-gentilicios (accessed 2026-10-26)
  4. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/pyongyang-raengmyon-custom-01695 (accessed 2026-10-26)
  5. UNESCO World Heritage Centre (State Party page) · whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/kp (accessed 2026-10-26)
  6. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/traditional-korean-wrestling-ssirum-ssireum-01533 (accessed 2026-10-26)

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Flag of Oman

Oman

Western Asia#oman

Capital
Muscat[2][3]
Neighbors (land borders)
[1]
Landform or river
The Hajar Mountains along the Gulf of Oman, over 3,000 m high, and a large sandy desert[2]
Languages
Arabic (official)[2]
Festival or tradition
Al-Bar'ah, music and dance of the Dhofari valleys Tradition[4]
Landmark
Bahla Fort UNESCO World Heritage site[5]
Game or sport
Camel racing (shared with the United Arab Emirates)[6]
Did you know?
Oil was discovered in Oman in 1964.[2]
Sources (6)
  1. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Oman (accessed 2026-10-26)
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/Oman (accessed 2026-10-26)
  3. RAE-ASALE, Diccionario panhispánico de dudas: Países y capitales, con sus gentilicios · www.rae.es/dpd/ayuda/paises-y-capitales-con-sus-gentilicios (accessed 2026-10-26)
  4. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/al-bar-ah-music-and-dance-of-oman-dhofari-valleys-00372 (accessed 2026-10-26)
  5. UNESCO World Heritage Centre (State Party page) · whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/om (accessed 2026-10-26)
  6. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/camel-racing-a-social-practice-and-a-festive-heritage-associated-with-camels-01576 (accessed 2026-10-26)

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Flag of Pakistan

Pakistan

Southern Asia#pakistan

Capital
Islamabad[2][3][4]
Neighbors (land borders)
Includes areas of Kashmir administered by Pakistan but claimed by India (Britannica).[1]
Landform or river
The Indus Plain and high mountains; K2 and Nanga Parbat are among the highest peaks[2]
Languages
English (official), Urdu (official)[3]
Festival or tradition
Nowruz, the spring New Year (shared with many countries) Festival[5]
Landmark
Archaeological Ruins at Moenjodaro UNESCO World Heritage site[6]
Did you know?
Suri Jagek is a traditional way of observing the sun, moon and stars to tell the seasons.[7]
Sources (7)
  1. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Pakistan (accessed 2026-10-26)
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/Pakistan (accessed 2026-10-26)
  3. Encyclopaedia Britannica (facts) · www.britannica.com/facts/Pakistan (accessed 2026-10-26)
  4. RAE-ASALE, Diccionario panhispánico de dudas: Países y capitales, con sus gentilicios · www.rae.es/dpd/ayuda/paises-y-capitales-con-sus-gentilicios (accessed 2026-10-26)
  5. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/nawrouz-novruz-nowrouz-nowrouz-nawrouz-nauryz-nooruz-nowruz-navruz-nevruz-nowruz-navruz-02097 (accessed 2026-10-26)
  6. UNESCO World Heritage Centre (State Party page) · whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/pk (accessed 2026-10-26)
  7. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/USL/suri-jagek-observing-the-sun-traditional-meteorological-and-astronomical-practice-based-on-the-observation-of-the-sun-moon-and-stars-in-reference-to-the-local-topography-01381 (accessed 2026-10-26)

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Flag of Palestine

Palestine

Also: State of Palestine[10]

Western AsiaUN observer state[1]#palestine

Capital
Jerusalem proclaimed capital[2][3]Palestine's Amended Basic Law (Art. 3) names Jerusalem as its capital; RAE lists it as "(no reconocida por la ONU) Jerusalén", and the IBGE atlas labels East Jerusalem ("Jerusalém Leste"). The city's status is disputed (see Israel). Not used in quizzes. The role of Ramallah is not yet sourced.
Neighbors (land borders)
Two separate areas: the West Bank (bordering Israel and Jordan) and the Gaza Strip (bordering Israel and Egypt). Britannica: the final status of the Gaza Strip and West Bank is to be determined by Israel and the Palestinian Authority.[4][5][6]
Landform or river
The West Bank lies west of the Jordan River; the Gaza Strip is on the Mediterranean coast[7][8]
Languages
Arabic (official)[2]
Festival or tradition
Dabkeh, a traditional dance Tradition[9]
Landmark
Ancient Jericho/Tell es-Sultan UNESCO World Heritage site[10]
Did you know?
Palestine has been a non-member observer state at the United Nations since 2012.[1]
Sources (10)
  1. United Nations: Non-member States · www.un.org/en/about-us/non-member-states (accessed 2026-10-26)
  2. The Amended Basic Law of Palestine (2003) · www.palestinianbasiclaw.org/basic-law/2003-amended-basic-law (accessed 2026-10-26)
  3. RAE-ASALE, Diccionario panhispánico de dudas: Países y capitales, con sus gentilicios · www.rae.es/dpd/ayuda/paises-y-capitales-con-sus-gentilicios (accessed 2026-10-26)
  4. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Gaza-Strip (accessed 2026-10-26)
  5. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/Jordan (accessed 2026-10-26)
  6. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/West-Bank (accessed 2026-10-26)
  7. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/West-Bank (accessed 2026-10-26)
  8. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/Gaza-Strip (accessed 2026-10-26)
  9. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/dabkeh-traditional-dance-in-palestine-01998 (accessed 2026-10-26)
  10. UNESCO World Heritage Centre · whc.unesco.org/en/list/1687/ (accessed 2026-10-26)

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Flag of Philippines

Philippines

South-eastern Asia#philippines

Capital
Manila[2][3]
Neighbors (land borders)
No land borders[2]
Landform or river
About 7,100 islands; Luzon in the north and Mindanao in the south; volcanoes and mountain ranges[2]
Languages
Filipino (Pilipino) (official), English (official)[2]
Festival or tradition
Hudhud chants of the Ifugao Tradition[4]
Landmark
Rice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras UNESCO World Heritage site[5]
Did you know?
The Philippines is made up of about 7,100 islands and islets.[2]
Sources (5)
  1. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Philippines (accessed 2026-10-26)
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/Philippines (accessed 2026-10-26)
  3. RAE-ASALE, Diccionario panhispánico de dudas: Países y capitales, con sus gentilicios · www.rae.es/dpd/ayuda/paises-y-capitales-con-sus-gentilicios (accessed 2026-10-26)
  4. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/hudhud-chants-of-the-ifugao-00015 (accessed 2026-10-26)
  5. UNESCO World Heritage Centre (State Party page) · whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/ph (accessed 2026-10-26)

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Flag of Qatar

Qatar

Western Asia#qatar

Capital
Doha[2][3]
Neighbors (land borders)
[1]
Landform or river
A peninsula jutting from the east coast of the Arabian Peninsula into the Persian Gulf[2]
Languages
Arabic (official)[2]
Festival or tradition
The majlis, a meeting place for community gatherings Tradition[4]
Landmark
Al Zubarah Archaeological Site UNESCO World Heritage site[5]
Did you know?
Oil was discovered in Qatar in 1939.[2]
Sources (5)
  1. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Qatar (accessed 2026-10-26)
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/Qatar (accessed 2026-10-26)
  3. RAE-ASALE, Diccionario panhispánico de dudas: Países y capitales, con sus gentilicios · www.rae.es/dpd/ayuda/paises-y-capitales-con-sus-gentilicios (accessed 2026-10-26)
  4. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/majlis-a-cultural-and-social-space-01076 (accessed 2026-10-26)
  5. UNESCO World Heritage Centre (State Party page) · whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/qa (accessed 2026-10-26)

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Flag of Saudi Arabia

Saudi Arabia

Western Asia#saudi-arabia

Capital
Riyadh[2][3][4]
Neighbors (land borders)
Bahrain is linked to Saudi Arabia by a 24-km road causeway (Britannica), not a land border.[2][5][6][7]
Landform or river
The Rub' al-Khali (Empty Quarter), the world's largest continuous sand area[2]
Languages
Arabic (official)[2][3]
Drink
Arabic coffee, a symbol of generosity[8]
Landmark
Hegra Archaeological Site (al-Hijr / Madā’in Ṣāliḥ) UNESCO World Heritage site[9]
Did you know?
The Rub' al-Khali is the world's largest continuous area of sand.[2]
Sources (9)
  1. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Saudi-Arabia (accessed 2026-10-26)
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/Saudi-Arabia (accessed 2026-10-26)
  3. Encyclopaedia Britannica (facts) · www.britannica.com/facts/Saudi-Arabia (accessed 2026-10-26)
  4. RAE-ASALE, Diccionario panhispánico de dudas: Países y capitales, con sus gentilicios · www.rae.es/dpd/ayuda/paises-y-capitales-con-sus-gentilicios (accessed 2026-10-26)
  5. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Qatar (accessed 2026-10-26)
  6. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Kuwait (accessed 2026-10-26)
  7. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Yemen (accessed 2026-10-26)
  8. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/arabic-coffee-a-symbol-of-generosity-02111 (accessed 2026-10-26)
  9. UNESCO World Heritage Centre · whc.unesco.org/en/list/1293/ (accessed 2026-10-26)

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Flag of Singapore

Singapore

South-eastern Asia#singapore

Capital
Singapore[2][3]Singapore is an island country made up of Singapore island and about 60 islets (Britannica).
Neighbors (land borders)
No land borders[2]
Landform or river
Singapore island and about 60 islets off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula[2]
Languages
English, Chinese (Mandarin), Malay, Tamil (all official)[2]
Food
Hawker culture: community dining at food centres[4]
Landmark
Singapore Botanic Gardens UNESCO World Heritage site[5]
Did you know?
Singapore has four official languages: English, Mandarin Chinese, Malay and Tamil.[2]
Sources (5)
  1. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Singapore (accessed 2026-10-26)
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/Singapore (accessed 2026-10-26)
  3. RAE-ASALE, Diccionario panhispánico de dudas: Países y capitales, con sus gentilicios · www.rae.es/dpd/ayuda/paises-y-capitales-con-sus-gentilicios (accessed 2026-10-26)
  4. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/hawker-culture-in-singapore-community-dining-and-culinary-practices-in-a-multicultural-urban-context-01568 (accessed 2026-10-26)
  5. UNESCO World Heritage Centre (State Party page) · whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/sg (accessed 2026-10-26)

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Flag of South Korea

South Korea

Eastern Asia#south-korea

Capital
Seoul[2][3]
Neighbors (land borders)
The two Koreas are separated by a demilitarized zone about 4 km wide (Britannica).[1]
Landform or river
Mostly mountains and uplands; Mount Halla (1,950 m) on Jeju Island is the highest peak[2]
Languages
Korean (official)[2]
Food
Kimchi, made and shared during kimjang[4]
Festival or tradition
Yeondeunghoe, a lantern lighting festival Festival[5]
Landmark
Jeju Volcanic Island and Lava Tubes UNESCO World Heritage site[6]
Game or sport
Taekkyeon, a traditional Korean martial art[7]
Sources (7)
  1. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/South-Korea (accessed 2026-10-26)
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/South-Korea (accessed 2026-10-26)
  3. RAE-ASALE, Diccionario panhispánico de dudas: Países y capitales, con sus gentilicios · www.rae.es/dpd/ayuda/paises-y-capitales-con-sus-gentilicios (accessed 2026-10-26)
  4. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/kimjang-making-and-sharing-kimchi-in-the-republic-of-korea-00881 (accessed 2026-10-26)
  5. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/yeondeunghoe-lantern-lighting-festival-in-the-republic-of-korea-00882 (accessed 2026-10-26)
  6. UNESCO World Heritage Centre (State Party page) · whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/kr (accessed 2026-10-26)
  7. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/taekkyeon-a-traditional-korean-martial-art-00452 (accessed 2026-10-26)

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Flag of Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka

Southern Asia#sri-lanka

Capitals
Colombo executive and judicial capital[2][3]Sri Lanka has two capitals: Colombo (executive and judicial) and Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte, a Colombo suburb (legislative). Quizzes accept both.Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte legislative capital[2][3]
Neighbors (land borders)
No land bordersAn island, separated from peninsular India by the Palk Strait (Britannica).[1]
Landform or river
Hills and fertile plains, cut by narrow gorges and deep river valleys[2]
Languages
Sinhala (official), Tamil (official), English (link language)[2][3]
Festival or tradition
Rūkada Nātya, traditional string puppet drama Tradition[4]
Landmark
Ancient City of Sigiriya UNESCO World Heritage site[5]
Did you know?
Sri Lanka is an island separated from India by the Palk Strait.[1]
Sources (5)
  1. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Sri-Lanka (accessed 2026-10-26)
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/Sri-Lanka (accessed 2026-10-26)
  3. Encyclopaedia Britannica (facts) · www.britannica.com/facts/Sri-Lanka (accessed 2026-10-26)
  4. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/rkada-ntya-traditional-string-puppet-drama-in-sri-lanka-01370 (accessed 2026-10-26)
  5. UNESCO World Heritage Centre (State Party page) · whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/lk (accessed 2026-10-26)

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Flag of Syria

Syria

Western Asia#syria

Capital
Damascus[2][3]
Neighbors (land borders)
[1]
Landform or river
The Euphrates River and part of the Syrian Desert[2]
Languages
Arabic (official)[2]
Festival or tradition
Making and playing the oud Tradition[4]
Landmark
Ancient City of Damascus UNESCO World Heritage site[5]
Did you know?
The Euphrates is Syria's only navigable river.[2]
Sources (5)
  1. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Syria (accessed 2026-10-26)
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/Syria (accessed 2026-10-26)
  3. RAE-ASALE, Diccionario panhispánico de dudas: Países y capitales, con sus gentilicios · www.rae.es/dpd/ayuda/paises-y-capitales-con-sus-gentilicios (accessed 2026-10-26)
  4. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/crafting-and-playing-the-oud-01867 (accessed 2026-10-26)
  5. UNESCO World Heritage Centre (State Party page) · whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/sy (accessed 2026-10-26)

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Flag of Tajikistan

Tajikistan

Central Asia#tajikistan

Capital
Dushanbe[2][3]
Neighbors (land borders)
[1]
Landform or river
The Pamirs dominate the east[2]
Languages
Tajik (official)[2]
Food
Oshi palav, a traditional rice dish[4]
Festival or tradition
Sadeh (Sada), a midwinter celebration Festival[5]
Landmark
Tajik National Park (Mountains of the Pamirs) UNESCO World Heritage site[6]
Did you know?
About half of Tajikistan lies more than 3,000 m (10,000 ft) above sea level.[2]
Sources (6)
  1. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Tajikistan (accessed 2026-10-26)
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/Tajikistan (accessed 2026-10-26)
  3. RAE-ASALE, Diccionario panhispánico de dudas: Países y capitales, con sus gentilicios · www.rae.es/dpd/ayuda/paises-y-capitales-con-sus-gentilicios (accessed 2026-10-26)
  4. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/oshi-palav-a-traditional-meal-and-its-social-and-cultural-contexts-in-tajikistan-01191 (accessed 2026-10-26)
  5. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/sadeh-sada-celebration-01713 (accessed 2026-10-26)
  6. UNESCO World Heritage Centre (State Party page) · whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/tj (accessed 2026-10-26)

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Flag of Thailand

Thailand

South-eastern Asia#thailand

Capital
Bangkok[2][3]
Neighbors (land borders)
Britannica's Thailand page names no neighbors; each border is confirmed from the neighbor's own Britannica page.[4][5][6][7]
Landform or river
A central plain containing the Chao Phraya River delta[2]
Languages
Thai (official)[2]
Food
Tom yum kung, a hot and sour shrimp soup[8]
Festival or tradition
Songkran, the traditional Thai New Year festival Festival[9]
Landmark
Historic City of Ayutthaya UNESCO World Heritage site[10]
Did you know?
The country was officially renamed Thailand in 1939.[2]
Sources (10)
  1. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Thailand (accessed 2026-10-26)
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/Thailand (accessed 2026-10-26)
  3. RAE-ASALE, Diccionario panhispánico de dudas: Países y capitales, con sus gentilicios · www.rae.es/dpd/ayuda/paises-y-capitales-con-sus-gentilicios (accessed 2026-10-26)
  4. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Laos (accessed 2026-10-26)
  5. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Cambodia (accessed 2026-10-26)
  6. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Myanmar (accessed 2026-10-26)
  7. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Malaysia (accessed 2026-10-26)
  8. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/tomyum-kung-01879 (accessed 2026-10-26)
  9. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/songkran-in-thailand-traditional-thai-new-year-festival-01719 (accessed 2026-10-26)
  10. UNESCO World Heritage Centre · whc.unesco.org/en/list/576/ (accessed 2026-10-26)

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Flag of Timor-Leste

Timor-Leste

Also: East Timor[2]

South-eastern Asia#timor-leste

Capital
Dili[2][3][4]
Neighbors (land borders)
[2]
Landform or river
The eastern half of the island of Timor, the small islands of Atauro and Jaco, and the Ambeno enclave[2]
Languages
Portuguese (official), Tetum (official), Indonesian and English (working languages)[3]
Festival or tradition
Tais, a traditional woven textile Tradition[5]
Did you know?
Portuguese is one of the two official languages of Timor-Leste.[3]
Sources (5)
  1. United Nations: Member States · www.un.org/en/about-us/member-states (accessed 2026-10-26)
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/East-Timor (accessed 2026-10-26)
  3. Encyclopaedia Britannica (facts) · www.britannica.com/facts/East-Timor (accessed 2026-10-26)
  4. RAE-ASALE, Diccionario panhispánico de dudas: Países y capitales, con sus gentilicios · www.rae.es/dpd/ayuda/paises-y-capitales-con-sus-gentilicios (accessed 2026-10-26)
  5. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/USL/tais-traditional-textile-01688 (accessed 2026-10-26)

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Flag of Türkiye

Türkiye

Also: Turkey[4]

Western Asia#turkiye

Türkiye lies in western Asia and southeastern Europe (Britannica). Listed on the Asia page; the Europe page links here.

Capital
Ankara[2][3]The Britannica facts page wrongly names Istanbul; the Britannica summary and RAE give Ankara.
Neighbors (land borders)
The border with Azerbaijan is with its Nakhchivan exclave (Britannica caption).[4]
Landform or river
A large plateau across central Anatolia; Mount Ararat (about 5,165 m) is the highest peak[2]
Languages
Turkish (official)[2]
Food
Turkish coffee[5]
Landmark
Historic Areas of Istanbul UNESCO World Heritage site[6]
Game or sport
Kırkpınar oil wrestling festival[7]
Did you know?
Türkiye lies on two continents: western Asia and southeastern Europe.[2]
Sources (7)
  1. United Nations · www.un.org/en/node/179533 (accessed 2026-10-26)
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/Turkey (accessed 2026-10-26)
  3. RAE-ASALE, Diccionario panhispánico de dudas: Países y capitales, con sus gentilicios · www.rae.es/dpd/ayuda/paises-y-capitales-con-sus-gentilicios (accessed 2026-10-26)
  4. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Turkey (accessed 2026-10-26)
  5. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/turkish-coffee-culture-and-tradition-00645 (accessed 2026-10-26)
  6. UNESCO World Heritage Centre (State Party page) · whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/tr (accessed 2026-10-26)
  7. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/krkpnar-oil-wrestling-festival-00386 (accessed 2026-10-26)

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Flag of Turkmenistan

Turkmenistan

Central Asia#turkmenistan

Capital
Ashgabat[2][3]
Neighbors (land borders)
[1]
Landform or river
About nine-tenths of the country is desert, mainly the Karakum[2]
Languages
Turkmen (official)[2]
Festival or tradition
Turkmen carpet making Tradition[4]
Landmark
State Historical and Cultural Park "Ancient Merv" UNESCO World Heritage site[5]
Did you know?
The Karakum Canal runs about 1,400 km (870 miles) from the Amu Darya toward the Caspian Sea.[2]
Sources (5)
  1. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Turkmenistan (accessed 2026-10-26)
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/Turkmenistan (accessed 2026-10-26)
  3. RAE-ASALE, Diccionario panhispánico de dudas: Países y capitales, con sus gentilicios · www.rae.es/dpd/ayuda/paises-y-capitales-con-sus-gentilicios (accessed 2026-10-26)
  4. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/traditional-turkmen-carpet-making-art-in-turkmenistan-01486 (accessed 2026-10-26)
  5. UNESCO World Heritage Centre (State Party page) · whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/tm (accessed 2026-10-26)

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Flag of United Arab Emirates

United Arab Emirates

Western Asia#united-arab-emirates

Capital
Abu Dhabi[2][3]
Neighbors (land borders)
Land borders are with Saudi Arabia and Oman (confirmed from their pages). UAE map captions also list Qatar, Bahrain and Iran as neighboring countries across the sea.[4][5]
Landform or river
A low desert plain broken by the Hajar Mountains[2]
Languages
Arabic (official)[2]
Landmark
Cultural Sites of Al Ain (Hafit, Hili, Bidaa Bint Saud and Oases Areas) UNESCO World Heritage site[6]
Game or sport
Camel racing (shared with Oman)[7]
Did you know?
The United Arab Emirates is a federation of seven emirates.[2]
Sources (7)
  1. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/United-Arab-Emirates (accessed 2026-10-26)
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/United-Arab-Emirates (accessed 2026-10-26)
  3. RAE-ASALE, Diccionario panhispánico de dudas: Países y capitales, con sus gentilicios · www.rae.es/dpd/ayuda/paises-y-capitales-con-sus-gentilicios (accessed 2026-10-26)
  4. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/Saudi-Arabia (accessed 2026-10-26)
  5. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Oman (accessed 2026-10-26)
  6. UNESCO World Heritage Centre (State Party page) · whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/ae (accessed 2026-10-26)
  7. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/camel-racing-a-social-practice-and-a-festive-heritage-associated-with-camels-01576 (accessed 2026-10-26)

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Flag of Uzbekistan

Uzbekistan

Central Asia#uzbekistan

Capital
Tashkent[2][3]
Neighbors (land borders)
[1]
Landform or river
Mostly between the Amu Darya and Syr Darya rivers; two-thirds of the Aral Sea extends into Uzbekistan[2]
Languages
Uzbek (official)[2]
Food
Palov (plov), a rice dish[4]
Festival or tradition
Nowruz, the spring New Year (shared with many countries) Festival[5]
Landmark
Samarkand – Crossroad of Cultures UNESCO World Heritage site[6]
Did you know?
Two-thirds of the Aral Sea extends into Uzbekistan.[2]
Sources (6)
  1. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Uzbekistan (accessed 2026-10-26)
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/Uzbekistan (accessed 2026-10-26)
  3. RAE-ASALE, Diccionario panhispánico de dudas: Países y capitales, con sus gentilicios · www.rae.es/dpd/ayuda/paises-y-capitales-con-sus-gentilicios (accessed 2026-10-26)
  4. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/palov-culture-and-tradition-01166 (accessed 2026-10-26)
  5. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/nawrouz-novruz-nowrouz-nowrouz-nawrouz-nauryz-nooruz-nowruz-navruz-nevruz-nowruz-navruz-02097 (accessed 2026-10-26)
  6. UNESCO World Heritage Centre (State Party page) · whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/uz (accessed 2026-10-26)

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Flag of Vietnam

Vietnam

South-eastern Asia#vietnam

Capital
Hanoi[2][3]
Neighbors (land borders)
[1]
Landform or river
The Red River in the north and the Mekong delta in the south[2]
Languages
Vietnamese (official)[2]
Festival or tradition
Quan Họ Bắc Ninh folk songs Tradition[4]
Landmark
Ha Long Bay - Cat Ba Archipelago UNESCO World Heritage site[5]
Did you know?
Vietnam's tallest mountain is Fan Si Peak, 3,143 m (10,312 ft).[2]
Sources (5)
  1. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Vietnam (accessed 2026-10-26)
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/Vietnam (accessed 2026-10-26)
  3. RAE-ASALE, Diccionario panhispánico de dudas: Países y capitales, con sus gentilicios · www.rae.es/dpd/ayuda/paises-y-capitales-con-sus-gentilicios (accessed 2026-10-26)
  4. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/quan-h-bc-ninh-folk-songs-00183 (accessed 2026-10-26)
  5. UNESCO World Heritage Centre · whc.unesco.org/en/list/672/ (accessed 2026-10-26)

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Flag of Yemen

Yemen

Western Asia#yemen

Capital
Sanaa[2][3]
Neighbors (land borders)
[1]
Landform or river
A narrow coastal plain rising to highlands that cover most of the country[2]
Languages
Arabic (official)[2]
Festival or tradition
Song of Sana'a Tradition[4]
Landmark
Socotra Archipelago UNESCO World Heritage site[5]
Did you know?
Yemen includes the island of Socotra in the Indian Ocean.[2]
Sources (5)
  1. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Yemen (accessed 2026-10-26)
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/Yemen (accessed 2026-10-26)
  3. RAE-ASALE, Diccionario panhispánico de dudas: Países y capitales, con sus gentilicios · www.rae.es/dpd/ayuda/paises-y-capitales-con-sus-gentilicios (accessed 2026-10-26)
  4. UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage · ich.unesco.org/en/RL/song-of-sana-a-00077 (accessed 2026-10-26)
  5. UNESCO World Heritage Centre (State Party page) · whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/ye (accessed 2026-10-26)

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Territories and other places

These places are not UN member or observer states. Each is shown with a neutral note from the sources.

Taiwan

#taiwan

Status
A self-governing island, officially the Republic of China; claimed by the People's Republic of China. Taipei is the seat of government.[1][2]
Main city or capital
Taipei[1][2]
Sources (2)
  1. Encyclopaedia Britannica · www.britannica.com/place/Taiwan (accessed 2026-10-26)
  2. Encyclopaedia Britannica (summary) · www.britannica.com/summary/China (accessed 2026-10-26)

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